The main findings are that CR and E2 reduced cardiac hypertrophy indices (BW, HW, HW/BW ratio, and LWV), diminished hemodynamic parameters (MAP and HR), TGF-β1 protein level, LV cardiomyocytes diameter, and hydroxyproline concentration, and increased ANP mRNA expression in OVX animals. Here, NPPA is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.