PVALB and autism: We labeled Ch cells with an antibody against parvalbumin, measured cartridge lengths, and quantified the number and size of synaptic boutons, in prefrontal cortex (BA9, BA46, and BA47) in tissue obtained from 20 cases with autism (AU) and 20 age- and sex-matched control (CT) cases (Table 1), Superposed cartridges or individual cartridges overlaid on a single AIS are referred to as “cartridges”.