TMEM25 and cancer: We analyzed the datasets from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) using the UALCAN platform (http://ualcan.path.uab.edu/analysis.html) and found that mRNA levels of TMEM25 was indeed decreased in colorectal cancers compared with normal colorectal tissues; however, we did not see a significant difference in survival rate in colorectal cancer patients with different expression levels of TMEM25 (Supplementary Fig. 2a, b).