High Vit D and VDR expression levels are related to natural resistance against HIV-1 infection.23 Among people infected with HIV, 67.7–83.7% have 25-hydroxy vitamin D insufficiency.24,25 The 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in this study were normal among 48 (21.4%) patients but insufficient among 56 (25%) and deficient among 120 (53.6%). The gene discussed is VDR; the disease is HIV-1 infection.