Fuse et al. (2016) effectively blocked PD-L1 and reported a significant decrease in MDSC suppressing T-cell activity (Figure 1). MDSCs produce CCR5 ligands (CCL4 and CCL5) which recruit Tregs and promote immune escape for tumors (Figure 1). Schlecker et al. (2012) have shown that intratumoral injection of CCL4/CCL5 increased tumor infiltration of Treg cells (Figure 1). The gene discussed is CCL5; the disease is neoplasm.