Cytotoxic T cells upregulated expression of the receptor for programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1), programmed cell death protein 1, as well as Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-2 when co-cultured with dendritic cells cultured in conditioned media from tumor organoids, but not their normal counterpart (Chakrabarti et al., 2018). Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.