The transcriptome signature that was dominated by immune system activation in upstream analysis, indicated the upregulation of IL-2, TNF-α IL-6, IL-10, Interferon (IF) alpha/beta, and IFNG in mild BPD, next to the involvement of interferons from the alpha group, IL27, EBI3 in moderate/severe BPD. Here, IL10 is linked to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.