Many clinical trials, such as CheckMate 370 (136), KEYNOTE-021 (137), GEFTREM (138), LUX-Lung-IO (139), have shown that EGFR or ALK inhibitors combined with ICIs were feasible but limited efficacy and more toxicity in treating NSCLC patients with newly diagnosed or refractory or PD after first-line therapy. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.