GSDMD deficiency decreases IL-1β release in LPS-primed neutrophils 1 h after S. Typhimurium infection; however, comparable IL-1β release is induced 3 h post-infection, along with slightly elevated LDH release, indicating that the late stage of IL-1β secretion is independent of sublytic GSDMD pore formation and implying the possible initiation of other cell death pathways such as apoptosis in GSDMD KO settings (90). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is infection.