From known studies, it has been found that the flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids and polysaccharides in mulberry leaves have good effects on the reduction of blood glucose in animal models of diabetes, and their therapeutic mechanisms include affecting the absorption and utilization of glucose, improving postprandial blood glucose and regulating insulin sensitivity in these direct ways, as well as indirectly reducing blood glucose by improving oxidative stress, improving lipid metabolism and balancing the intestinal environment. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.