INS and Hyperglycemia: When the body is in a state of postprandial hyperglycaemia, the pancreatic β-cells are stimulated to gradually decrease their insulin secretion levels, increase oxidative stress in the pancreatic β-cells, and increase the rate of apoptosis in the pancreatic β-cells, which results in the progressive conversion of non-diabetic patients to diabetic patients over time (Poitout and Robertson, 2002; Brownlee, 2003; Kaiser et al., 2003).