It is well-known that FXR is a crucial target to regulate bile acid metabolism, lipid and glucose homeostasis, as well as to ameliorate the inflammatory responses, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis (Appelman et al., 2021; Trauner and Fuchs, 2022; Hucke et al., 2016; Clifford et al., 2021; Wu Q. et al., 2021). The gene discussed is NR1H4; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.