ALB and cancer: Some studies have shown that the neutrophil-to-albumin/pre-albumin ratio (NAR/NPAR) (7, 8), albumin-to-alkaline -phosphatase ratio (AAPR) (9), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) (10), albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) (11), fibrinogen-to-pre-albumin ratio (FPR) (12), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) (13) can assist diagnosis or predict the clinical outcomes of malignant tumor.