SRA1 and atherosclerosis: Experimental studies in mice suggest a causal association between TMAO plasma levels and atherosclerosis (Wang et al., 2011) and have demonstrated that TMAO induces expression of CD36 and scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) in activated macrophages thus stimulating the uptake of ox-LDL and foam cell formation (Yang et al., 2019; Liu and Dai, 2020).