NLRP3 Inflammasome leads to increased production of inflammatory cytokines and this has been demonstrated in carotid artery endothelial cells (CAECs), human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) suggesting that NLRP3 initiates an endothelial inflammatory response cascade leading to endothelial dysfunction (Seldin et al., 2016; Boini et al., 2017). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.