STAT3 and glioma: As levels of inflammatory mediators such as TNFα and IL-1β are elevated, it causes the aberrant activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways which promote glioma progression3,4.