MPO and colitis: DSS-induced colitis was characterized by increased MPO activity (30.09 ± 6.38U for DSS vs 10.11 ± 4.34U for control, p = 0.012), which was significantly inhibited by EMPA (14.29 ± 2.76U, p = 0.038 for 1 mg/kg; 13.69 ± 2.41U, p = 0.036 for 5 mg/kg) (Fig. 4e).