Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the most common cause of sleep disturbance in adults, poses a significantly high grouped risk for AD (2.37x), and has synergistic detrimental effects with amyloid, tau and neurodegenerative (A/T/N) biomarkers for AD in which hippocampal degeneration driven by AD proteinopathy may exacerbate breathing problems and nighttime apneas [22, 23, 40]. Here, MAPT is linked to Alzheimer disease.