However, a recent study revealed that the protein levels of GSDME were significantly increased in the colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients compared to healthy controls and that GSDME increased release of HMGB1 (one of the DAMPs that has been recognized) from intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), which contributed to colitis-associated cancer (CAC) tumorigenesis [23], suggesting that GSDME might exert dual roles in tumor progression. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and inflammatory bowel disease.