The findings obtained from immunofluorescence, TEM, and western blotting showed that treatment with Rapa or miR-342-5p mimic contributed to elevated autophagy in LPS-induced HK-2 cells (Fig. 7A-F, P < 0.001, vs. LPS group/LPS + mimic NC group), whereas pretreatment with 3-MA reversed the effect of miR-342-5p mimic on autophagy in sepsis cellular models (Fig. 7A-F, P < 0.05 vs. LPS + miR-342-5p mimic group). The gene discussed is TRERF1; the disease is Sepsis.