RNLS and renal fibrosis: Compared with the UUO+Ad-β-gal group, expression of fibrotic markers, COL and FN, was decreased and ER stress activation was significantly reduced at protein and mRNA levels in the UUO+Ad-Renalase group (Figure 3B, C), indicating that ER stress is involved in the occurrence and development of renal fibrosis and that Renalase can inhibit ER stress.