We performed GSVA enrichment analysis on OA samples and ND samples in datasets GSE55235 based on pathway information in intercellular communication, and nine signaling pathways (VISFATIN, SPP1, TGFb, PTN, MIF, PROS, ANGPTL, FGF, GAS) were enriched (Figure 8A). Here, TGFB1 is linked to Norrie disease.