This gene encodes a highly conserved protein of the mammalian outer mitochondrial membrane, the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor-associated protein 1 (PBR), which was found to be present in aggressive breast cancer cell lines and in human glioma cells, where it may be involved in cell proliferation (Corsi et al., 2008). The gene discussed is TSPOAP1; the disease is breast carcinoma.