YY1 and breast carcinoma: Likewise, several studies have shown that YY1 is highly expressed in breast cancer (15), bladder cancer (16), colorectal cancer (17), cervix cancer (18), esophageal carcinoma (19), gastric cancer (20), glioma (21), hodgkin lymphoma (22), hepatocellular carcinoma (23), kidney cancer (24), lung cancer (25), melanoma (26), osteosarcoma (27), ovary cancer (28), and prostate cancer (29).