IL1B and hydrops fetalis: These upregulated cytokines and cytokine-related molecules have a known role in HF: Il1b is upregulated in HF and associated with worse prognosis and trials have been undertaken to evaluate the role of interleukine-1 blockade to reduce inflammation and ventricular remodelling in HF (Van Tassell et al., 2015; Szekely and Arbel, 2018).