The remaining patient died before STAT3 genetic testing became available, but her diagnosis was based on the clinical presentations (typical facial features, high palate, dysodontiasis, recurrent abscesses, recurrent severe pulmonary infections, very large pneumatoceles, necrotizing cellulitis, chronic dermatitis, onychomycosis, and very high serum IgE levels), and an NIH score > 70. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and abscess.