As in patients with glioblastoma, both the PDG-Ink4a (1.7 ± 0.4) and PDG-p53 (1.1 ± 0.1) models displayed a low TMB (Fig. 2a) while GL261 tumors had an exceptionally high TMB (123.1 ± 32.5) and relatively high number of silent mutations and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (Fig. 2b). Here, TP53 is linked to glioblastoma.