In line with the tumor-promoting function of RBM4 in ESCC, analysis of the RNA-seq data from TCGA and GEO dataset revealed that RBM4 is highly expressed in ESCC, while RBM4 is often downregulated in other cancer cell lines, such as colorectal and liver cancer.41,46,70 We constructed colorectal and liver cancer cell lines with stably overexpressed or depleted RBM4. This evidence concerns the gene RBM4 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.