ICAM1 and inflammatory bowel disease: Since ICAM1 is located within 100 kb of TYK2 (a gene known to be associated with IBD pathogenesis15, we sought to determine whether the ICAM1 lead variant (rs142682313, OR = 0.4, P = 7.16 × 10−4) was conditionally independent of IBD-associated sites in TYK2. To this end, we performed Genome-wide Complex Trait joint and conditional analyses (GCTA-COJO)16 with the ICAM1 lead SNP and three IBD-associated sites in TYK2, both of which suggested that the ICAM1 IBD variants act independently of the TYK2 variants.