Functional over-representation analysis revealed that proteins increased in ALS were enriched in protein metabolism (e.g. PSDMD9, NAE1, PSMB5), RNA metabolism (e.g. APP, CSTF1, CIRBP, SNRPD2), protein binding (e.g. RRBP1, RPS29, EIF1), as well as other processes established in ALS pathophysiology (stress response, cholesterol synthesis, nucleocytoplasmic transport) whilst proteins decreased in ALS, were enriched in Golgi transport (Supplementary Fig. 11b). Here, NAE1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.