One study reported that up to 40% of IL-18 deficient mice succumbed to a C. rodentium infection [52], but two other studies observed that disabling IL-18 production or signaling rendered mice only slightly more susceptible to the infection [15, 49], and yet another study found no differences in the capacity of IL-18–/– mice to cope with C. rodentium [53]. Here, IL18 is linked to infection.