A previous NMA by Liu et al., based on one phase II and nine phase III studies, involving 6,124 patients with metastatic NSCLC, shows CIT intervention is superior to pembrolizumab monotherapy for patients with PD-L1 level ≥ 1% and especially for those with PD-L1 ≥ 50%. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.