As for the activation of the pro-survival pathways mediated by ERK1/2, AKT, and p38, Bor treatment was found to reduce the phospho-activation of ERK1 and/or ERK2 in all cell lines, had no significant effects on p38 phosphorylation levels, but increased the phosphorylation of AKT in the three human MM cell lines. Here, MAPK1 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.