Contrasting the leptin effect, serum levels of adiponectin, an adipokine that is paradoxically downregulated in obesity, have been observed to be inversely proportional to MM risk,98 likely due to adiponectin's ability to activate MM apoptosis via activation of protein kinase A and AMP‐activated protein kinase pathway.99 This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and Miyoshi myopathy.