Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is characterized by a host immune response via damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) (e.g., calreticulin (CRT), high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1)) and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) secretion from dying tumor cells, together facilitating dendritic cell (DC) recognition, maturation and antigen cross-presentation to T cells 1-4. Here, CALR is linked to neoplasm.