Bioactive particles such as HAMA microspheres (Li et al., 2022), modified liposomes (Feng et al., 2020), and chitosan-modified nanoparticles (Shi et al., 2018) can be used as gene delivery vectors (IL-6-siRNA, TNF-α, etc.)to treat arthritis and bone loss by decreasing the expression of inflammatory factors in RA and OA. Here, IL6 is linked to Arthritis.