Given that the increases in the median plasma concentrations of the soluble co-stimulatory ICMs, together with associated clinical improvement in our BC patient cohort, may be linked to immunogenic cell death induced by NAC, the corresponding increases in the levels of the soluble co-inhibitory ICMs, PD-L1, LAG-3 and TIM-3, relative to those of the control group, do seem somewhat counterintuitive. This evidence concerns the gene HAVCR2 and breast cancer.