C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), a coreceptor of HIV-1, is also detected in exosomes secreted by HIV-1-infected cells, and HIV-1 may transfer receptor molecules through exosomes to alter the expression of viral receptors on the cell surface, which is conducive to HIV-1 infection of tissues with endogenous CCR5 expression loss (49), and the differential expression of CCR5 molecule on the exosome membrane may help to distinguish HIV patients with different progression types (50). The gene discussed is CCR5; the disease is HIV-1 infection.