TLR2 and Sepsis: Similar to LPS, cell wall components from Gram-positive bacteria, e.g. di- and triacyl lipopeptides, lipoteichoic acids, macrophage-activating peptide-2 (MALP2) or intact Gram-positive bacteria are also capable to induce the tolerant cell state in monocytes via the TLR1/TLR2 or TLR2/TLR6 signaling pathways and epigenetic alterations (13–18) with protective effects during sepsis in mouse models (15, 19).