Mammals have two types of adipose tissue with distinct physiological functions, namely white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT): WAT stores excess energy in the form of ATP, while BAT is characterized by the expression of thermogenic uncoupling proteins 1 (UCP1) promotes calorie production to consume excess energy, thereby inhibiting weight gain and metabolic disease (81). Here, UCP1 is linked to metabolic disease.