Together, the anti-obesity mechanism of propolis and its derivatives mainly involving the following mechanisms, (I) reducing lipid accumulation and promoting lipid metabolism; (II) inhibiting adipogenesis by hindering adipocyte cycle progression and affecting the expression of adipokines; (III) inducing the transformation of white adipocytes into brown/beige fat cells, and promoting adipocyte thermogenesis by influencing creatine related metabolism and UCP1 dependent thermogenesis; (IV) regulating the structure and metabolism of gut microbes. The gene discussed is UCP1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.