TNF and infection: In the young cohort, when unvaccinated mice were compared, the results showed that infection with H7N7 resulted in higher levels of CCL2 (Figure 3A, p = 0.02), IFNγ (Figure 3B, p = 0.10), IL1β (Figure 3C, p = 0.14), IL-6 (Figure 3D, p = 0.08), and TNFα (Figure 3F, p = 0.05), which were statistically significant only in the case of CCL2 [two-way ANOVA Finfection(1, 10) = 5.89, p = 0.03], IL-6 [two-way ANOVA Finfection (1, 10) = 5.57, p = 0.03], and TNFα [two-way ANOVA Finfection (1, 10) = 7.71, p = 0.02].