ESR1 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Disruption of ERα signaling in a globally deficient Esr1−/− murine lupus model led to attenuated T cell activation, loss of spontaneous germinal centers, and loss of anti-chromatin autoantibodies, suggesting ERα regulates lymphocyte activation in this model, although a role for elevated testosterone in the Esr1−/− mice cannot be excluded (Graham et al., 2020).