CTBP1 and Parkinson disease: In the 6-OHDA PD model, we found a dual effect using an unspecific ligand of CtBP, the 4-methylthio 2-oxobutyric acid (MTOB): higher concentrations (e.g. 2500 μM, 1000 μM) inhibited dopaminergic survival, while at 250 μM it counteracted cell death.