There were 12 differential immune cells between TAO and normal samples, with CD56 dim natural killer cells and Neutrophil cells being upregulated in TAO samples, CD56 bright natural killer cells, central memory CD4 T cells, central memory CD8 T cells, effector memory CD4 T cells, gamma delta T cells, immature dendritic cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, T follicular helper cell, and Type 2 T helper cell ten cells were downregulated in the TAO samples (Fig. 8A and Supplementary Table S9). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is thromboangiitis obliterans.