ASXL1 and acute myeloid leukemia: While ICB clinical trials are ongoing in AML patients, preliminary data suggests that single agent ICB also has minimal activity in AML patients whereas ICB in combination with hypomethylating agent azacitidine has shown positive responses in a proportion of AML patients with higher pretherapy bone marrow CD3+ T cells and the presence of ASXL1 mutation, again suggesting that patient genetic profiles are important predeterminants of treatment efficacy20,49.