PMCH and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: While the percentage of PMCH-positive neurons with pTDP-43 inclusions in the LHA of ALS patients was variable, altogether the ALS cases had a significantly lower density of lateral hypothalamic PMCH-positive neurons than the controls (Fig. 9) as indicated by statistical analyses (Mann–Whitney test, U value = 38, n = 13, exact two-tailed P value = 0.014).