Studies have found that during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), the up-regulated Egr-1 gene activates TLR4 (Toll Like Receptor 4)/TRIF (TIR Domain Containing Adaptor Molecule 1) signaling pathway, increases neutrophil recruitment, intensifies cell apoptosis, and further aggravates cardiac function injury (25). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is myocardial ischemia.