In support to our findings, DMF boosted the level of BDNF in a spinal cord injury model (Cordaro et al., 2017) and hypothyroid rat brain (Pan et al., 2022), alleviated depression-like symptoms through BDNF upregulation (Abd El-Fattah et al., 2018), and activated the TrkB/AKT/CREB trajectory in association with reduced ROS production in an AD model (Abd El-Fatah et al., 2021). Here, CREB1 is linked to major depressive disorder.