Moreover, decreased expression of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) with age induces alterations in the transcriptome of lipid metabolism genes in mouse hepatocytes, promotes lipid accumulation in the liver through the induction of G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2), and causes hepatic steatosis in response to metabolic stresses such as a high-fat diet (HFD) 23. Here, MANF is linked to steatosis.