In the obese state induced by diet, there is a significant increase in lipid accumulation and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by adipocytes and macrophages, including pro-inflammatory response factors such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and interleukins (IL), as well as increased production and release of C-reactive protein (CRP), which induce insulin resistance through multiple mechanisms, including activation of Ser/Thr kinases, decreasing IRS-1, GLUT4, and PPARγ expression, or activation of SOCS3 in adipocytes (99, 144–146). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Insulin resistance.