It has been found that the occurrence of asthma exacerbations was lower in patients receiving GLP1R agonists (i.e. reference) compared to those on sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors (incidence rate ratio, or IRR, 2.98; 95% CI 1.30-6.80), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (IRR 2.45; 95% CI 1.54-3.89), sulfonylureas (IRR 1.83; 95% CI 1.20-2.77), and basal insulin (IRR 2.58; 95 % CI 1.72-3.88). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is asthma.