TGFB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: In a lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI) rat model, the injection of Ang-1 modified human umbilical cord derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) could decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, TGF-β1) and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10[42].